English Literature Essays The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald.

English Literature Essays The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. The Great Gatsby has become such an exemplary of American fiction that its abstract merits effectively darken those characteristics that additionally made it a most loved among perusers. While pundits have rushed to excuse its flimsy plot and shallow characters as less significant than Fitzgeralds splendid portrayal of the Jazz Age and his prosecution of its ratty qualities, most perusers take an alternate view. They acclaim the book since its plot is slim and its characters are shallow. These perusers accept this is correctly Fitzgeralds point, that the age itself could do no better than to deliver shallow individuals living shallow lives. Scholastic pundits theorized about the likely explanations of this wonder, crediting it to the bafflement welcomed on by World War I and the extraordinary estimates taken to get away from it. The fallout of the war had brought, â€Å"a condition of anxious stimulation†¦the age which had been immature during the disarray of the War had now pr oduced†¦ an entire race going libertine, settling on pleasure†¦wherefore eat, drink, and be happy, for tomorrow we die.† Readers saw a culture floundering in indulgence, high on jazz and home brew, and living as though it were one long gathering and there was no tomorrow. All the more significantly, they saw the courageous and thoughtful figure of Nick Carraway, the outside eyewitness, whose work it was to watch and report on the American Dream inside Fitzgerald’s tale. In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgeralds Nick Carraway turns into the outside eyewitness that perusers come to relate to. Scratch has the kind of favored guiltlessness and sparkling desire related with saints. There is a newness about him, a fundamental goodness that interests to that piece of human instinct that begrudges or longs for or is overpoweringly pulled in to blamelessness. Past that, in any case, is the way that, in the custom of the legend, Nick goes forward into the world to experience debasement and thwarted expectation and needs to deal with this in actuality. It is through Nick that we see the American Dream, as typified by Jay Gatsby, come disintegrating down under the flippant quest for riches. We, additionally, get a brief look at the jobs of class in recognizing the affluent East and West Egg socialites, just as, the unmistakable difference between two well off yet various men, Jay Gatsby and Tom Buchanan. The accompanying passages will endeavor to inspect and investigate these issues all the more cautiously as observed through the eyes of Nick Carraway. It is Nicks romanticizing of Jay Gatsby and his fantasies that charm him to the psyches of the perusers. Gatsby all alone isn't a simple character for perusers to identify with without the exceptional understanding of the youthful and thoughtful Nick. In the event that Nick can see the positive qualities in Gatsby, at that point the peruser can excuse the degenerate side as Gatsbys exploitation by the framework and harp on the beguiling side, that side made even more fascinating by the riddle encompassing this attractive, rich, and devastatingly withdrew character. As Nick says of Gatsby, â€Å"His dream more likely than not appeared to be near such an extent that he could barely neglect to get a handle on it. He didn't realize that it was at that point behind him some place back in that huge lack of definition past the city.† Perhaps the most ideal approach to get a handle on the viewpoint of the American Dream in the twenties is to envision Gatsby remaining solitary in the s econd-story room of his perfect manor in West Egg, watching out at the pool and the tent and the luxurious party going on, to his detriment, underneath his window; tuning in to the jazz band playing, seeing the shadows of the flappers against the sides of the tent, discreetly watchingaloof, disengaged, interested, and incredible. This brightening of what the American Dream had become was seen by numerous individuals as the new vision that, â€Å"Prosperity in the twenties had come to mean a pace of advance as opposed to a real condition of affairs†¦more and more Americans were slanted to clarify their general public as far as profitability, benefits and stock quotes.† Not Gatsby, nonetheless. In describing Gatsby’s dream, Nick recollects clearly getting back home and seeing Gatsby remaining before his manor, taking a gander at East Egg over the cove. His American Dream broadened right over the narrows and in every case apparently past his compass, enveloped with t he wonderful thought of Daisy Buchanan. Daisy Buchanan was Nicks cousin, a flawless, energizing, yet shallow young lady who once took part in an extramarital entanglements with Gatsby before the war. While Gatsby was away in the war, she wedded Tom Buchanan. He was an attractive, affluent man, however savage and inhumane. Gatsby needed Daisy back and felt that his riches, aggregated through obscure exchanges, would cause Daisy to appreciate him, however he overestimated her and thought little of himself. Shockingly for Gatsby, the American Dream was just conceivable through realism as the Roaring Twenties saw, â€Å"Americans effortlessly expected that profound fulfillment would consequently go with material success.† Gatsby wrongly thought along these lines, too. He felt that by collecting common belongings he could win Daisy back and give her the existence she had longed for. At a certain point, Gatsby ventures to such an extreme as to give her all his important effects, tossing shirts into the air, â€Å"shirts with stripes and parchments and plaids in coral and apple green and lavender and black out orange.† Daisy, crying now to show the materialistic qualities that had expended America, shouts, â€Å"It makes me pitiful on the grounds that I‘ve never observed such excellent shirts before.† This momentous scene speaks to the entire epitome of what the twenties time had become. It was portrayed as a time of abundance, overindulgence, commercialization, realism, and independence. It was Gatsby’s dream of Daisy Buchanan that would in the long run lead him from neediness to wealth lastly to his demise as his irreverent quest for riches would offer ascent to the breaking of his American Dream. In one sense Gatsby is the indication of another prosperous society. His strange past and crafty fantasies of a fantasy work to his kindness in the new period of thriving and wealth. Daisy is Gatsbys one dream, and the explanation he purchased his home and gives his gatherings is to recover her. Gatsby turns out to be excessively fixated on Daisy as representative of his goals and dreams. This focuses to how ridiculous in his desires he had become as he lives in a kind of imagination world. Fitzgerald stresses this well when he states, â€Å"There more likely than not been minutes even that evening when Daisy tumbled shy he had always wanted not through her own flaw but since of the epic essentialness of his fantasy. It had gone past her, past everything.† He convinces Nick to unite him and Daisy once more, yet he can't win her away from Tom. Scratch can see this, however he is weak to stop the chain of occasions that, for all their drama, appear to be important to showcase th e end result of shallow lives lived wildly, of shallow dreams broke senselessly. Scratch attempts to persuade Gatsby that his fantasies are unreasonable in light of the fact that the past can't be rehashed, yet Gatsby’s answer of, â€Å"Can’t rehash the past? Why obviously you can,† serves to delineate the figment of a fantasy Gatsby is attempting urgently to clutch. At long last, be that as it may, everything comes disintegrating down as Daisy, driving Gatsbys vehicle, runs over and slaughters Toms special lady, Myrtle, uninformed of her personality. Myrtles spouse follows the vehicle back to Gatsby and shoots him, who has stayed quiet so as to ensure Daisy. Gatsbys companions and partners have all abandoned him getting emblematic of the shallow existences of the occasions and the departure of a fantasy, as just Gatsbys father and one previous visitor go to the memorial service with Nick to see an American Dream let go. Everything that has happened appears to be strange to Nick and practically futile as he recalls, â€Å"everything that happened has a diminish dim cast over it.† Fitzgerald brings up through Nick that whether Gatsby had kicked the bucket or not his fantasies despite everything would have been killed, in any case. In spite of the fact that Gatsby set aside the effort to reevaluate himself and gain enough cash (however wrongfully) to be viewed as well off, he would even now never have been acknowledged into the internal circles of the East Eggers and the Buchanans. What Fitzgerald has done in his book is to add class to the possibility of realism and the American Dream. He partitioned these into unmistakable gatherings old cash, new cash, and poor people. Paul Fussell, in his book on social classes reports that, â€Å"Economically there are just two classes, the rich and poor people, yet socially there is an entire progressive system of classes.† Fitzgerald enlightens this by making fundamentally the rich and poor classes, too, with the main qualification being socially between the affluent and how they amassed their cash. This qualifica tion would separate the â€Å"old money† of East Egg extravagance and the â€Å"new money† of the West Eggers who had as of late gained their wealth through the thriving of the occasions. The sort of class that Fitzgerald credits to Nick Carraway and his family is neither of these. Fitzgerald recommends that Nick drops from the incomparable American social segment that had its root in its optimal of an agreeable, developed, stable presence, drawing food, a great many ages, from a privately-run company, and experienced its ages in the equivalent open however unostentatious house. Midwestern optimism at that point is the hard strong good center of America, and it creates a Nick Carraway, whose excellencies are resistance and trustworthiness. These are absolutely the two ethics that Fitzgerald needs in his legend: the resistance to get engaged with Tom, Daisy, and Gatsby, every one of whom he doubts in shifting degrees however the trustworthiness never to be hoodwinked b

The Apprenticeship System – Summary

THE APPRENTICESHIP SYSTEM Aims of apprenticeship * To give a tranquil progress from bondage to opportunity * To ensure grower a sufficient gracefully of work during the period and get ready for full opportunity * To prepare understudies for opportunity particularly working for compensation * To empower the provincial governments to overhaul the arrangement of equity and set up foundations reasonable for a free society. The SMs were resigned maritime and armed force officials on half compensation, selected from Britain who were acclimated with harsh conditions and authorizing discipline.They were picked in light of the fact that they were not associated with the grower class and it was felt that they would not be one-sided. Obligations of stipendiary judges * To direct the apprenticeship framework * To settle debates among experts and disciples * To visit domains at normal spans and hold court * To investigate prisons and workhouses * To help with fixing the estimation of negroes who needed to purchase their opportunity These obligations were difficult and prompted the demise of numerous SMs who were not familiar with tropical conditions and couldn't bear the cost of the significant expense of clinical treatment.Conditions of business Salary †? 300 for the main year at that point expanded to ? 450 for movement costs and lodging. There was no annuity for wards if the SM kicked the bucket in administration. There was no wiped out leave and he needed to take care of his own admission home in the event that he was excused or unavailable. These terrible working conditions kept SMs from playing out their obligations acceptably and many were effectively paid off by grower. They were likewise overburdened by work since they were not many in numbers. The individuals who attempted to carry out their responsibilities were in some cases persecuted.They were mishandled truly, verbally and by means of the press. They were totally discouraged in the presentation of their obligations as grower once in a while wouldn't permit them on the homes. Achievement of stipendiary judges * They tuned in to protests from the two sides and went about as a support among bosses and students. * They educated disciples regarding their privileges, they didn't need to tune in to chatter or get data from papers. * They helped understudies to arrange their lives better by giving advice.However, they had almost no to plan plans to improve the social states of the students. They couldn't keep disciples from being rebuffed brutally. Disciplines Apprentices were normally sent to the workhouse, anyway SMs had no influence over what occurred there. The most widely recognized type of discipline in the workhouse was the treadmill. There was likewise the whipping post and disciples could be placed in correctional posses. Females regularly had their heads shaved. Time lost in the workhouse must be reimbursed by the student by working for his lord during his free time.Controlling u nderstudies on the domains * It was unlawful for disciples to leave the bequest without composed consent. * Valuations on physically fit slaves were regularly swelled. * High expenses were charged for the utilization of the business sectors and for licenses to work off the bequests as craftsmen, metal forgers, etc. These licenses and passes to sell in the business sectors could be pulled back. * Planters wouldn't give standard stipends. * Planters discovered issues with understudies' work, which must be done over in the disciples' available time. Students were bolted up on bogus allegations which would regularly be dropped before the appearance of the SM. * Apprentices' organic product trees would be chopped down and they were prohibited to claim domesticated animals. * The 401/2 hours out of each week were spread more than five days rather than four. *Low wages would be paid; uncalled for conclusions from wages would be made; and the wages were commonly paid late. The End of Appren ticeship finished for ALL students in 1838 in light of the fact that: * The framework was not accomplishing its points. * The abolitionist society uncovered the maltreatment in the framework and started to crusade for full opportunity. The grower dreaded brutality if household students were liberated before field understudies. * Some grower felt that it was less expensive not to need to accommodate understudies and just to utilize the quantity of workers they required. Note: Antigua allowed full opportunity to its slaves. The grower ruled against apprenticeship. The apprenticeship framework reached a conclusion in 1838 when the frontier governments in every province casted a ballot against its continuation. http://www. youthlinkjamaica. com/cxc/history20100302. htm

Specifications of HP ProLiant DL380 G5 Storage Server Assignment

Determinations of HP ProLiant DL380 G5 Storage Server - Assignment Example Prior to one starts to begin buying for a server, there are a few systems which should be followed. The Rack tallness is the term utilized for the rackmount servers. They are in the element of 1U, 2U up to 7U whereby the U is the short word for the units. With the numbers, they speak to the size of the rackmount. The tallness and width of a rackmount don't change however the profundity changes. The best-required rackmount is 2U on the grounds that it has the necessary size required for the organization and the kind of administrations it will help through. The rack can likewise rely upon the force edge of the servers and the quantity of units to be utilized. The server needs just a single processor that is completely arranged in view of the kind of administrations to be advertised. A processor is a machine that will be utilized by the organization to process the workplace administrations and it should be associated with the server. Various projects will go through the processor and be executed at the servers. The quantity of the applications to run on the processor will be dictated by the limit of the processor. On the off chance that there are a great deal of administrations and applications to be run on the processor, it needs to have a bigger limit. The limit of the memory will be estimated in numbers and for the correct limit of the organization is to have two processors. The processor has a motherboard that is equipped for holding the RAM. The RAM is the one that stores the data in the processor. For the organization, it needs a most extreme memory of 32 Gigabytes so as to store the data and information. The bigger the memory, the d ata to be put away in the memory of the RAM in the processor is additionally enormous in number creation work at the workplace to be simpler. The picture beneath shows the RAM of the server. The ECC is the sort of innovation insurance that will screen and bolster the Memory and Ram of the processor.

Clubfoot Essay Example For Students

Clubfoot Essay Clubfoot is characterized as an intrinsic foot disfigurement portrayed by a kidney molded foot that turns internal and focuses down. The forefoot is bended internal, the impact point is twisted internal, and the lower leg is fixed in grower flexion with the toes pointing down. Abbreviated ligaments within the lower leg, together with strangely molded bones that confine development outwards cause the foot to turn inwards. A fixed achilles ligament makes the foot point downwards. The clinical term for clubfoot is talipes equinovarus . It is the most widely recognized inborn issue of the lower limit. There are a few varieties, however talipes equinovarus being the most widely recognized. Clubfeet happens in roughly 1 in each 800-1000 infants, being twice as normal in young men than young ladies. One or the two feet might be influenced. The historical backdrop of clubfeet started as far back as 400 B.C. Hipocrates was the first to portray it. He utilized gauzes to treat it. As time advan ced so did the treatment strategies. In around 1743 delicate extending was suggested. During that equivalent century, a mechanical gadget taking after a turnbuckle was utilized to help stretch the ligaments. At this point clubfoot was genuinely known the world over, utilizing the run of the mill extending and bracing techniques. During the 1800s mortar of paris was first presented, and later that equivalent century, the presentation of aseptic strategy and anasthesia reduced, yet not dispensed with disease. As the 70s and 80s moved around, other progressively solid strategies were relied on. These new strategies were less subject to wrapping and taping. Most of clubfeet results from anomalous improvement of the muscles, ligaments, and bones while the child is shaping in the uterus. Hereditary and natural factors in the advancement of the hatchling appear to likewise be a portion of the causes. The aggravation of the typical developing foot likely happens at about the eighth seven day stretch of pregnancy. The reason for the foot becoming twisted is obscure, yet accepted to have something to do with heredity. Numerous instances of clubfoot don't have effectively recognizable causes. The objective of treatment is to accomplish and keep up as typical as a foot as could be expected under the circumstances. The degree of the necessary treatment fluctuates, contingent on the inflexibility of the foot. Treatment may take a while, yet most kids figure out how to slither, stand, and stroll at the ordinary age. There are a couple various approaches to treating clubfoot, the two most perfered being control and throwing, and medical procedure. Clubfoot is generally normal in youngsters who experience the ill effects of spina bifida who have a L4 or L5 engine level. Numerous orthopedic specialists rather than sequential throwing recommend early taping and delicate control followed by a use of an all around cushioned brace. The purpose behind this is on the grounds that sequential throwing can cause skin aggravations and breakdown. Another procedure control and throwing is a treatment that starts not long after birth. It includes gradually loosening up the fixed muscles and holding the foot in an improved situation with a cast. The throws are made of mortar and reach out from the toes to either simply over the knee, or just beneath it. Adduction of the foot is typically remedied first, trailed by reversal of the hindfoot, and in conclusion the plantar flexion. The throws are changed as often as possible, each time repositioning the foot somewhat nearer to ordinary. For the initial two-three weeks, the throws are changed eac h second to fourth day. Cast changes are then diminished to once every one fourteen days. This treatment proceeds until the youngster is three to a half year old. This strategy for treatment is troubling to the newborn child for just a brief timeframe. Therefore guardians will be encouraged cast care before departing the center. In the event that the foot is too firm to even consider allowing for sufficient revision, at that point the tight or abbreviated ligaments may should be stretched or discharged. The kind of medical procedure changes as indicated by how much delicate tissue is discharged. During a careful remedy of a mellow instance of clubfoot, the specialist must choose which joints require no, insignificant, or moderate entry point. In gentle clubfoot, the mid and back subtalar joints requires insignificant or no entry point. Every average ligament are stretched, the foremost and midtarsal joints are discharged, and

The Role of Women in the Epic of Gilgamesh - Free Essay Example

Men always are symbol of power and change but women have played a crucial role through the history. As Beyonce said: Who run the world? Girls! Maybe she was right. We have seen many times during the history that a man was the king and ruler but many times because of a woman, peace and war was created. Before females were considered very important because they are able to continue human life by giving birth. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, the woman plays a very significant role and had tremendous influence. A prostitute took Enkidu from wild animal life and put him in the human world. Shamhat lures Enkidu, protector of nature, into her arms with the fruits of her womanhood by offering him sexual satisfaction. She was a prostitute who lived in the city of Uruk. She was left in the forest so she can sleep with Enkidu and make the other animals abandon him. Enkidu was living as an animal, surrounded by animals. Nonetheless, he is drawn to the prostitute. She was wise and knew nature, so it wasnt hard for her to seduce him.She used to mention Gilgamesh to him and seduce him to go and meet him by saying : You are just like him. You will love him like your own self. (Foster 13) . Than he didnt got accepted anymore by the animals in the forest. He was an innocent taken by the spell of a woman. Then he met Gilgamesh and they journey started there. Ninsun gives Enkidu to Gilgamesh as a brother as well as her knowledge. Ninsun, Gilgameshs mother, adopts Enkidu and allows him to have a human family. Ninsun was a loving, caring mother and also provided guidance. Gilgamesh decides he wants to meet Humbaba in battle, so he can leave his mark on the world. Humbaba was a terrible monster who personifies evil. Enkidu describes him as a force of nature itself, with a mouth of fire (The Epic of Gilgamesh Summary and Analysis of Tablet II and Tablet III) . Ninsun fears about Gilgameshs life. She prays to Shamash to protect Gilgamesh and paces a sacred pendant around Enkidus neck. After she adopted Enkidu their bond between Enkidu and Gilgamesh gets stronger. They became brothers that will follow each other into the most dangerous battles. Ishtar makes Gilgamesh crazy by taking Enkidus life and sends him in the trip for Immortality that changes Gilgamesh forever. Because of Gilgamesh rejected her she asked for Bull of Heaven to be released to kill Gilgamesh. Both Enkidu and Gilgamesh fought together and won the fight. After Ishtar sees what happened, she courses Gilgamesh. Gods were angry and were deciding if Gilgamesh or Enkidu should die as punishment. Later Enkidu tells Gilgamesh about a wired dream that predicts his death. Gilgamesh asked for help from Gods but they gave Enkidu a slow and painful death for killing the Bull of Heaven. After Enkidu dies, Gilgameshs personal journey begins to learn the secret of immortality. During this journey he meets he looks out for Utnapishtim to learn the secret of immortality but on his way he talks to Utnapishtims wife and learns a valuable lesson. In conclusion , women in the Epic of Gilgamesh were full of knowledge and they knew this knowledge was useful to others. If it wasnt for their impact and actions maybe we would have never heard about the Epic of Gilgamesh.

Connection Between Nationalism and Archaeology - Free Essay Example

The development of Chinese archaeology was arguably both precarious and inflexible in nature, particularly during its formative years. Although changes have since been made to provide a much more accurate representation of findings, there is still ingrained ideologies that sway the way that Chinese archaeologists continue to interpret their findings. Archaeology in China has from its infancy, in the twentieth century, been utilized to work towards creating a collective identity, and to salvage a political and economic structure that was crumbling away (Liu, Jones 2008, 25). Thus, at one time academics were preoccupied with serving a particular narrative that they hoped would achieve this goal, that being a Marxist/Maoist approach. The textbook states there are three types of archaeology and methodologies that fit into one of these categories: nationalist, colonialist, and imperialist (Liu and Chen, 2012). China in particular fits into the nationalist approach, and as such are largely preoccupied with giving credence to their existing natural history and to support the Marxist framework. This is not uncommon, as there are many instances of this approach occurring in Western countries such as Sweden and Germany during similar time periods. In the last twenty years, Chinese archaeology has expanded its methodology and has been more open minded to alternatives interpreted from their findings. As such when discussing Chinese Archaeology in terms of how and to what extent nationalism has affected it, it is important to consider why it became so. Rather, what made nationalism a central driving point for archaeological research in China, and why does it continue to persist? These are both questions to contemplate when looking at the past state of Chinese archaeology and its current presence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Arguably what sparked an increased interest in prehistory was the subsequent feelings of inferiority after years of imperialism. Foreign occupation and the opium wars had left its mark, and led many Chinese intellectuals to critically review the foundations of their world view, drawing on Confucianism and traditional textual histories (Liu, Jones 2008, 26). Predisposed thought, a product of high regard for the classics and history as it was written, was a salient driving point. However, history as it is written is not necessarily accurate, nor is it inclusive. Chinese history certainly did not consider ethnic minorities in written accounts, and its sphere does not go far beyond the upper class, dynasties, and grandiose rulers such as the sage-kings. The sage-kings were described as bringing the arts of civilization and government to China, inventing everything from farming to flood control. Modern scholars argue whether these sage-kings were early rulers around whom supernatural stories were built or ancient gods who were reinvented as historical rulers of a very ancient past (Rainey 2010, 2). Problematic is   the grand, sometimes bordering mythlike, stories were in the past largely taken as whole truths. Scholars grew able to recognize the grandiosity of these tales, but despite questioning them, they were very much set on finding proof behind them, as they were considered factual. What is more problematic is the process by which history and archaeology were synthesized early on in China. Instead of being viewed as its own field of study, archaeology is viewed as an extension of history, and its purpose it to provide evidence for the historical record as it exists rather than to be interpreted at a face value (Faulkenhausen 1993, 1). It was after the period of continued forcible occupation by western influences and Japan, that Chinese scholars genuinely began to question antiquity, and prove China as a great country in the face of outside influences that had forced their way through its doors. Inadvertently, these years of unwelcome foreign involvement had piqued an enthusiasm for archaeological study. Up until this point little archaeological research had actually been done in China, however, in the late 19th   century scholars collected artifacts believing they were divine and highly regarded for their role in history. Modern Chinese archaeology would not   begin until some years later in 1921 when Swedish geologist Johan Gunnar Andersson, with the aid of Oscar Montelius a diffusionist, officially began excavations in Yangshao, in the Henan province of China in 1921. Some years later fieldwork led by the Institute of History and Philology began in 1928, where cultural ruminants were found in Anyang, Henan P rovince that proved the existence of the Shang dynasty. The latter was a crucial landmark and would later open many doors for future academics. These excavations continued for nine   years until the beginning of the Sino-Japanese war (Liu, Chen 2012, 2). In the early stages, Chinese archaeology was heavily influenced by those very foreigners. Oscar Montelius, as a diffusionist believed that the birth of civilization began in the near east centering around great rivers such as the Nile. He believed from there, cultures developed and spread westward, to become modern day European societies. This thought was critical in developing Chinese archaeology, as it led to the eventual discovery of Yangshao. It also led to much debate over the origins of Chinese culture. Chinese scholars did not agree with this, because they felt as if Western scholars were thinking of China in terms of how it directly correlates to the west instead of being its own entity. The discovery of the Peking Man is 1927 helped to further distance China from the Western world. Scholars viewed this discovery has proof of an indigenous Chinese population as well as to add significance to the growing concept of racial nationalists who viewed the nation as a biological enti ty united by ties of blood, with a culture derived from immutable racial essence (Sautmen, 96). Due to this, the Peking Man was used as irrefutable evidence of a direct ancestor of contemporary Chinese. This idea was further ascertained by Franz Weidenreich, an anatomist from Germany. Although being later discredited for shoddy understanding of orthogenesis, the PRC nevertheless clings to this as the sire of the mongoloid race (Sautman 2001, 3). It is this line of thought that encourages Chinese archaeologist to lean towards the multiple origins hypothesis as opposed to the widely accepted out of Africa. For all intents and purposes, archaeology during the inception of the Peoples Republic of China was utilized as a tool for molding the people into a collective, one with a hive-mind mentality. There exists in China, 56 different ethnic groups, the largest of which being Han which consists of over 90% of the population in modern times. Certain groups such as the Uyghurs of Xinjiang province face more persecution than others, but there is much discrimination between others as well. With this kind of disparity, and strong leaning towards the Han as being racially superior, the government sought to close the gap to ease tensions. One can infer that the People Republic of China did not necessarily intend on, nor did they ever think to entirely fill these gaps, but they did strive towards creating a conglomerate in which the different ethnic groups would function as parts of a whole. Rather, they strived to create a sum that is greater than its parts.   Nevertheless, Han Chinese were and continue to prevail as a dominant ethnic group, and racial tensions do not appear to be disappearing any time soon. During the early 50s up into the mid 60s, many state-funded archaeological digs took place, and was a time in which cultural management was highly regarded. Ethno-nationalism was a persistent feature of the partys agenda, and archaeologists such as Xia Nai, who became the communist partys advisor (Liu, Jones 2008, 26), and Liyang Siyong, another prominent Chinese archaeologist worked towards these goals. The idea of ethno-nationalism, however, was not an original one. Although Xia Nai had revised multi-regional framework to fit his needs, this idea had already long since come to fruition. Lin Yan, in 1940, asserted that the Peking man was proof that the Chinese race had inhabited the area since the earliest stage of human history and development (Shwartz, Muller, Shaffer, Pradeu, 240). Archaeologists at this time had difficulty separating traditional studies of antiquities from archaeology, and because of this, the holistic approach the field has to offer was overlooked. Particular i mportance was, and to this day, remained seated on written documents and findings that provide evidence to their validity. This changed dramatically after the end of the cultural revolution when ideologies became considerably lax in comparison to prior years, and it was more acceptable to adopt western frameworks for archaeological study. Although the umbrella of subjects expanded, modern Chinese archaeology still lacks many taxonomies that other archaeological research methods have. Regardless, scholars have made substantial progress in the last 40 years regarding the origins of early humans, agriculture, and civilization (Liu, Chen 2008, 14). Some struggle, however, still remains when separating nationalist ideologies and providing an accurate narrative arising from the evidence offered from sites.

A Brief Note On The Affordable Care Act - 1447 Words

Access to care is a distress to nurses today. In 2010, the Affordable Care Act was passed to help lighten restraints to access to care. With the multitude of legislation, guidelines, and rules enforced by bureaucracy offices, private division underwriters, and institutes, nurses are challenged concerning the intertwine fluxes of budget limitations and the ability to provide to proper quality of care. As a result of the limited access to adequate healthcare services, there are multiple problems that surround the healthcare systems need for policy change. The issues that nurses are faced with are health disparities, access to services, patient protection and well-being, and overall health care outcomes (Abood, 2007). The fact that people†¦show more content†¦On the flip side, potential benefits include more affordable choices and higher quality care. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act provides more access to affordable care and helps alleviate some of the stresses on nurses today. In 2009, the number of people without insurance was estimated at 50.7 million (Health Policy, 2013). Many individuals and families have limited access to adequate healthcare services ultimately due to disparities in health and health care in America. Poor health outcomes and lower quality health care have been the result of unending disputes in disparities. Disparities are viewed as race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, location, gender, disability status, and sexual orientation. Disparities have been recorded for many eras and, even with thorough changes in population health over a while, many disparities have continued and, in some basic facts, enlarged (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2012). These populations have a tendency to not get preventive care or early intervention services and use more expensive services such as, the emergency room. In the past, health care for the poverty-stricken have been governed more as a welfare program. This has contributed to large disparities thr oughout the nation in who among the underprivileged has access to what types of medical services.

Understanding Different Types of Navy Ships

The Navy has a large variety of ships in the fleet. The most well-known types are the aircraft carriers, submarines, and destroyers. The Navy operates worldwide from many bases. The large ships  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  aircraft carrier groups, submarines, and destroyers  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  travel around the world. Smaller ships such as the Littoral Combat Ship are based near their place of operations. Learn more about the many types of Navy ships in the water today. Aircraft Carriers Aircraft carriers carry fighter aircraft and have runways allowing the aircraft to take off and land. A carrier has about 80 aircraft onboard  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  a powerful force when deployed. All current aircraft carriers are nuclear-powered. Americas aircraft carriers are the best in the world, carry the most planes, and operate more efficiently than any other countrys carriers. Submarines Submarines travel underwater and carry an array of weapons. Submarines are stealthy Navy assets for attacking enemy ships and deploying missiles. A submarine may stay underwater on patrol for six months. Guided Missile Cruisers The Navy has 22 guided missile cruisers  that carry Tomahawks, Harpoons, and other missiles. These vessels are designed to provide defense against enemy aircraft. The onboard missiles.are designed to provide defense against enemy aircraft and missiles. Destroyers Destroyers are designed to provide land attack capability as well as air, water surface, and submarine defense capabilities. There are about 57 destroyers currently in use and several more under construction. Destroyers have massive weapons including missiles, large-diameter guns, and small-diameter weapons. One of the newest destroyers is the DDG-1000, which is designed to have a minimal crew while delivering a huge amount of power when deployed. Frigates Frigates are smaller offensive weapons carrying a 76 mm gun, Phalanx close-in weapons, and torpedoes. These are used for counterdrug operations and provide defensive capabilities when escorting other ships. Littoral Combat Ships (LCS) The Littoral Combat Ships are a newer breed of Navy ships providing the multi-mission capability. The LCS can change from mine hunting, unmanned boat and helicopter platforms, and special operations warfare to reconnaissance practically overnight. The Littoral Combat Ships are designed to use a minimum number of crew members to lower the operating costs. Amphibious Assault Ships The amphibious assault ships provide the means for putting Marines onshore using helicopters and landing craft. Their primary purpose is facilitating Marine transport via helicopters, so they have a large landing deck. The amphibious assault ships carry Marines, their equipment, and armored vehicles. Amphibious Transport Dock Ships Amphibious transport dock ships are used to carry Marines and landing craft for land assaults. These ships primary focus is landing craft-based attacks. Dock Landing Ships Dock landing ships are a variation on the amphibious transport dock ships. These ships carry landing craft. They also have maintenance and refueling abilities. Miscellaneous Navy Ships Special purpose ships include command ships, coastal patrol boats, mine countermeasures ships, submarine tenders, joint high-speed vessels, Sea Fighters, submersibles, the  sailing frigate USS Constitution, oceanographic survey ships, and surveillance ships. The USS Constitution is the oldest ship in the U.S. Navy. It is used for display and during flotillas. Small Boats Small boats are used for a variety of tasks, including river operations, special operations craft, patrol boats, rigid hull inflatable boats, survey boats, and landing craft. Support Ships Support ships provide the necessary provisions that keep the Navy operating. There are combat stores onboard with supplies, food, repair parts, mail, and other goods. There are ammunition ships, fast combat support ships, cargo, pre-positioned supply ships, as well as rescue and salvage, tankers, tug boats, and hospital ships. The two Navy hospital ships are truly floating hospitals with emergency rooms, operating rooms, beds for recovering patients, nurses, doctors, and dentists. These ships are used during wartime and major natural disasters. The Navy employs a wide variety of ships, each with its own purpose and responsibilities. The U.S. fleet includes hundreds of ships, from the small ones to huge aircraft carriers.

Racism in America Essay examples - 1182 Words

Racism in America Racism isnt born, folks, its taught. I have a two-year-old son. You know what he hates? Naps! End of list. by denis leary. is there such a thing called equal right in this modern generation. freedom is overrated in the united state. slave has been abolish, racism is over, the civil rights movement ended segregation, so why are color teens been targeted. in the presentation Fourteen Example of Racism in criminal justice system by Fania Halirou. it about how color people including black and hispanic are been treated unfairly by the justice system of America. the us constitution created laws to protect color in america, but this law are been abuse by the same very people that was suppose to protect them. Halirou†¦show more content†¦they lie about the crime rate in the nation, lying to the taxpayers, making them believe that harassing teens is best for them and is the only way to keep the street safe. Racial programs like stop and frisk are been funded by the taxpayers money to harass teens, those money should be put to good use. racial profiling is becoming a law practice in american society today. stop and frisk is the practice of when a police man has the right to stop and search anybody not matter what race they are base on their instinct. stop and frisk was made legal in new york state. stop and frisk made headline news, of the way the people of new york are been protected. for the first few months it sounded like a good idea, because nobody knew what people around them are carrying, if they look suspicious the new york state police have the right to stop them. later on the citizen of new york started to see a pardon on the race group the new york state police pick on the most, the new york state police mostly target hispanic, arabic and black. they target hispanic and black race because they think all black and hispanic are gang affiliated, and all arabs are terrorists, and the white folks are harmless. thousands of color teen w ere been targeted, and the government kept on pouring lies that this had to be done in other to keep the street safe. basically if your are not white, you are automatically a suspect of a crime. stop and friska violated the 4thShow MoreRelatedRacism In America Racism1096 Words   |  5 PagesLeah Song Professor Dongho Cha English 161 22 October 2017 Racism in America The Civil Rights Act of 1964 ended all state and local laws requiring segregation. The â€Å"whites only† signs have ceased to lurk over water fountains, bathrooms, and restaurant counters. However, that is only on legal terms and paperwork. Many Americans don’t want to admit it, but segregation is still around. Sometimes by design or by choice. The 21st century segregation exists only in our school systems and communities. ItRead MoreRacism In America1047 Words   |  5 Pages Many people believe that racism in America is an issue of the past. Slavery has been abolished, segregation is no longer prevalent, and the last president of the United States was African American. While these facts prove that the U.S. has come a long way since the development of Jim Crow Laws and the â…â€" Compromise, racism has still not been defeated. In the past, America’s political system made it possible for racism and slavery to thrive. 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Even after fifteen decades after abolishing slavery, the United States is still a slave to its racist past. In all honestly, the United States hasn’t come to terms with its ugly racial bigotry and injustices. For example, Donald Trump was elected the 45th president; his rise to ascendancy was driven by a campaign that no t only lacked basic human decency, but was filled with xenophobia, Islamophobia and misogyny. While blacks are no longerRead MoreRacism in America Continues733 Words   |  3 Pagescomments and images have not reformed. Blacks continue to be undervalued in society. Not much has changed when it comes to social justice. Hate crimes against Blacks continue to go unpunished. America has evidently regressed when it comes to justice for Black/African Americans. One might ask; how do we know that racism hasnt ended? The evidence is obvious. â€Å"Emmett Till, who was 14 years old in the summer of 1955 when he walked into a local grocery store in Money, Miss., to buy gum. He was later roused

Analysis Of The Book The Pursuit Of A Romance

The Pursuit to Discover A.S. Byatt’s Possession: A Romance establishes itself as a postmodern university novel because it centers on the field of research and academia development through a campus setting. Roland Mitchell, the protagonist of the story, is a postdoctoral and literary researcher who is more focused on academia than job prospects, fixing his crumbling relationship with his girlfriend Val, and overall taking part in mandatory obligations such as household contribution, that primarily falls on Val. The audience is introduced to Roland as he studies: â€Å"The London Library was Roland s favourite place. It was shabby but civilised, alive with history but inhabited also by living poets and thinkers who could be found squatting on the slotted metal floors of the stacks, or arguing pleasantly at the turning of the stair† (4). The novel centers on Roland’s discovery of two letters written by fictional Victorian poets, Randolph Henry Ash and Christabel LaMotte. 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Critical Analysis of Segmentation Strategy - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Critical Analysis of Segmentation Strategy. Answer: Introduction The main aim of this task is to measure and analyze the significance of consumer behavior. It explains how consumer behavior affects success and growth of the firm. The success and growth of the firm depend on the potential consumers. The consumer is important success factor to attain long-term mission and vision of the firm. Furthermore, Nokia has selected in the report to explain the issues related to consumer behavior. Nokia is innovative technology company who provides innovative products to the customers. In addition, it explains how consumer behavior helps to resolve and handle the issues and barriers of the organization. It also describes the primary and secondary market of Nokia. Consumer behavior Consumer behavior is the study of groups, individuals, organizations and all the activities and operations associated with the purchase, disposal and use of goods and services, including the consumers mental, emotional and behavioral responses that follow and precede these activities and operations. The study of consumer behavior is considered with all the aspects of purchasing behavior from pre-purchase activities and operations through to post-purchase utilization, measurement, and disposal activities (Goel, Hofman, Lahaie, Pennock Watts, 2010). In consumer behavior process, the consumer either directly or indirectly involves in the purchasing decisions. In addition, customer relationship management helps to analyze and measure the customer behavior. Consumer behavior is considered as the actions and decisions that affect the activities of a consumer (De Mooij, 2010). Mainly, the selection process involved in purchasing is based on reasoning and emotions. The study of consumer beh avior is not only help to explain and understand the past but also helps to estimate and predict the future. There are several factors that influence the buying behavior of the consumers. Marketing campaigns and advertisement play a greater and significant role to influence the purchasing decisions made by customers (Mullen Johnson, 2013). Furthermore, economic conditions and circumstances also influence the activities and operations of the market. Along with this, consumer behavior is also affected by various shades of dislikes, likes, morals, priorities, and values. Group influence also affects the buying behavior of the consumers. The primary group includes classmates, family members, and neighbors that have a direct impact on the buying decisions of a consumer. The consumers analyze and evaluate their purchasing capacity and potential before making effective decisions to purchase the products and services (Solomon, 2014). Importance of consumer behavior It is essential for marketers to measure and analyze consumer behavior. This helps marketers to understand and investigate the way in which consumers behave so that they can sale their products and services in the competitive market. The firm should understand and evaluate consumer behavior in order to generate profitability and revenue. The study of consumer behavior helps to fulfill the needs, requirements, and desires of the consumers (De Mooij Hofstede, 2011). Consumers play an integral role in marketing to beat the competitors in the competitive market. It plays an integral role for the organization to make decisions regarding whether a business and trade succeed or fails. Additionally, the firm can attain its long-term operations and vision by analyzing and evaluating the needs, wants, and requirements of the consumers (Darley, Blankson Luethge, 2010). It also helps to increase and enhance the sales and revenue of the firm. It also helps to focus marketing strategies and poli cies to maximize the number of consumers in the competitive market. The organization can gather several types of consumer behavior data by analyzing the sales information. They can easily decide what products and services to produce or offer for the consumers. Apart from this, the firm can easily identify and measure the tastes and preferences of the consumers in the global market. The organization can easily set the appropriate prices of the products and services. In this way, consumer behavior plays a significant role in the organization (Oliver, 2014). Description of organization Nokia is Finnish multinational communications, consumer electronics, and Information Technology Company. It was incorporated in 1865 with its headquartered is located in Espoo, Uusimaa, Finland. There are approx 101,000 employees employed in the organization. It is the world 415th biggest firm evaluated by revenue. Nokia is also considered a major contributor to the mobile technology industry. In todays competitive world, the company is maximizing the returns and revenue by producing new and innovative products (Nokia, 2017). Nokia is divided into four groups such as multimedia, mobile phones, networks, and enterprise solutions. The company operates and controls 15 manufacturing facilities in nine countries and maintains development and research facilities in 12 countries. The firm focuses on the development of technology and electronics sector. The firm developed and built the first international mobile phone network in 1981. Fredrik Idestam, Eduard Polon, and Leo Mechelin are found ers of the organization. Nokia is the biggest leader in Finland and also is a significant employer in the country working with enormous subcontractors and local partners. The organization operates and manages its business activities and operations in approx 150 countries. In addition, the firm protects the rights and interest of the shareholders with maintaining sustainability in the environment as well as the organization. The association renders solutions, equipment and services for network corporations and operators (Aspara, Lamberg, Laukia Tikkanen, 2011). Consumer profile Most of the revenue and returns from the sale of the products and services come from the primary target market. This market share maintains common attributes and behaviors and this market is responsible for the highest volume of sales and profitability. The firm focuses on the primary market to receive and obtain greatest returns and profitability (Cleveland, Papadopoulos Laroche, 2011). The primary market of Nokia includes upper class and middle-class people who purchase Nokia smartphones. The secondary market includes future primary buyers who purchase the products to sell at highest prices in the competitive market. The secondary market also influences the primary market buyers. By taking into consideration of primary and secondary market, the organization has been able to reach its desired goals and outputs. Nokia uses different methods and techniques to identify and measure the primary and secondary market (Drummond, Ensor Ashford, 2010). To know the target audience and group is a critical task. Thus, the firm has not been able to recognize and understand the tastes and preferences of the target audience. Along with this, advertisement and promotional campaigns are done by the organization to evaluate the requirements of different types of customers in the global market. None of the company can survive its business operations and activities without consumers. The firm divides its market on the basis of demographic and behavioral (Weinstein Cahill, 2014). The association uses four types of market research methods and techniques to provide enormous advantages to the customers in the world. It uses observation method, focus groups method, interview, and questionnaire techniques to analyze the choices of the primary and secondary market. The market research methods and techniques help to determine the nature and size of the target market. Furthermore, SWOT analysis, porter five forces model, and pestle analysis are done by the firm to evaluate and identify the strengths and weaknesses of a company or business (Jaman, 2012). In this way, various market research methods and techniques provide a lot of benefits to the customers and it also reduces the risks and challenges of the market. It helps to maintain proper communication and coordination in an organization. These methods and techniques provide appropriate solutions for resolving the issues and hurdles of the firm. Apart from this, the secondary market takes less time to resolve and handle the grievances and complaints of the consumers (Wedel Kamakura, 2012). Primary market Geographic On the basis of geographic basis, Nokia has divided its market in different groups. Mostly, the firm operates its business activities and operations in India. There are various manners through which a market can be geographically divided. The organization divides its market geographical areas such as by state, region, city, country, and international region. The company also operates its business in China, Germany, and Finland. Demographic The target age group of customers range from 30 to 50 years adults and older. Mostly older prefer Nokia products. They buy Nokia phones to gain long-term benefits in the market. The organization also focuses on the income level of people to introduce new products. Psychographic In the psychographic segment, the company divides its market on the basis of attitudes, traits, interests, and lifestyles of potential customers groups. The firm is launching smartphones to attract youngsters in the market. Behavioral Behavioral segmentation is used by the company to determine and analyze the demand and preferences for a product and advertisement content. Different consumers maintain different behavior in their life. The organization divides its market on the basis of knowledge, and attitude of consumers in the market. Secondary market Geographic For secondary market, the organization operates its business activities and operations in China, Mexico, Romania, India and South Korea. Demographic The secondary market of the company is business travelers and students because Nokia provides high battery backup so Nokia smartphones are used by business travelers during traveling. Suppliers also buy Nokia products to sell at high prices in the global market. Psychographic The firm also focuses on hobbies, attitudes, values, and interest of people to retain more suppliers and student in the competitive market. Behavioral Nokia also conducts surveys and interviews to analyze the behavior and tastes of people. Issue identification There are several issues are faced by the company related to the consumers. Mostly consumers are not aware of windows phone because of the lack of a halo device. The company is unable to fulfill the demand of the consumers in the competitive market. In addition, Samsung suppressed Nokia cell phone sales effectively. Furthermore, Nokia phones did not have the front camera. Nokia was slow to match Apples touchscreen technology. Nokia was an engineering firm that needed more marketing savvy and research (Aspara, Lamberg, Laukia Tikkanen, 2013). Apart from this, the firm has not been able to recognize the increasing importance of software. The operating system of Nokia phone is poor and too buggy. All these issues can be resolved and removed by taking consideration of consumer behavior. Consumer behavior study depends on customer purchasing decision and design. The organization should focus on the needs, tastes, and preferences of the consumers. The company should set the appropriate pr ices to increase and enhance the number of customers. Consumers make different types of decisions in everyday life. In todays modern era, it has become significant for every organization to evaluate and identify the needs, requirements, and choices of the customers. In addition, consumer buying behavior theories must be used by the organization to attract young consumers in the global world. Additionally, product, place, price, and promotion are four key factors of the marketing mix that firm builds and develops to satisfy and fulfill the consumers needs. Along with this, Nokia needs to collect feedback and reviews from customers to resolve and handle issues and complaints of consumers. Moreover, advertisement and promotional strategies and campaigns should be used by the company to retain the more people in the competitive world (Tuunainen, Tuunanen Piispanen, 2011). Conclusion On the above discussion, it has been evaluated that Consumer behavior plays a vital role to increase the sales and returns of the firm. There are several factors that influence the consumer behavior such as economic factors, social factors, technology, psychology and anthropology, and geography. Consumer behavior helps in originating right and appropriate marketing strategy to increase the demand of the products and services. Development and orientation of new products can be possible by evaluating consumer behavior. The organization can easily evaluate income level, opinion and emotions of consumers by measuring consumer behavior. The study of consumer behavior helps to promote new products and goods. Nokia Company has been taken in the report to explain the issues of consumer behavior in the global world. The firm focuses on the behavior and tastes of consumers to make effective decisions related to the new products and services. Furthermore, the primary and secondary market plays an integral role to expand and explore the trading activities and operations of the firm. References Aspara, J., Lamberg, J. A., Laukia, A., Tikkanen, H. (2011). Strategic management of business model transformation: lessons from Nokia. Management Decision,49(4), 622-647. Aspara, J., Lamberg, J. A., Laukia, A., Tikkanen, H. (2013). Corporate business model transformation and inter-organizational cognition: The case of Nokia.Long Range Planning,46(6), 459-474. Cleveland, M., Papadopoulos, N., Laroche, M. (2011). Identity, demographics, and consumer behaviors: International market segmentation across product categories.International Marketing Review,28(3), 244-266. Darley, W. K., Blankson, C., Luethge, D. J. (2010). Toward an integrated framework for online consumer behavior and decision making process: A review.Psychology marketing,27(2), 94-116. De Mooij, M. (2010).Consumer behavior and culture: Consequences for global marketing and advertising. Sage. De Mooij, M., Hofstede, G. (2011). Cross-cultural consumer behavior: A review of research findings.Journal of International Consumer Marketing,23(3-4), 181-192. Drummond, G., Ensor, J., Ashford, R. (2010).Strategic marketing. Routledge. Goel, S., Hofman, J. M., Lahaie, S., Pennock, D. M., Watts, D. J. (2010). Predicting consumer behavior with Web search.Proceedings of the National academy of sciences,107(41), 17486-17490. Jaman, M. (2012). Critical Analysis of Segmentation Strategy For Potential Product Launch-Mapping The Customers.International Journal of Scientific Technology Research,1(11), 62-65. Mullen, B., Johnson, C. (2013).The psychology of consumer behavior. Psychology Press. Nokia.,(2017). Our history, retrieved on 4th January 2018 https://www.nokia.com/en_int/about-us/who-we-are/our-history Oliver, R. L. (2014).Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer. Routledge. Solomon, M. R. (2014).Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being(Vol. 10). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Tuunainen, V. K., Tuunanen, T., Piispanen, J. (2011, June). Mobile service platforms: Comparing nokia ovi and apple app store with the iisin model. InMobile Business (ICMB), 2011 Tenth International Conference on(pp. 74-83). IEEE. Wedel, M., Kamakura, W. A. (2012). Market segmentation: Conceptual and methodological foundations(Vol. 8). Springer Science Business Media. Weinstein, A., Cahill, D. J. (2014).Lifestyle market segmentation. Routledge.

Where Are They Now 3Oh!3 free essay sample

If you were to hear the catchy lyrics, â€Å"Shush girl/shut your lips/do the Helen Keller and talk with your hips,† you would probably bop your head to the beat and maybe even sing the chorus. But what if you were asked the song title or the artist? Chances are, you would not remember. Forgetting details about the small group 3Oh!3 is extremely common. The band consists of two members, Sean Foreman and Nathaniel Motte, both from Boulder, Colorado. They were introduced to the music scene when they released their first self-titled album, 3OH!3, in 2007, and grabbed the attention of producers at Atlantic Records. The band was soon signed to a division of Atlantic Records, Photo Finish Records, and began to work on its second album, Want. Want is possibly 3Oh!3’s most famous album. With hits like Don’t Trust Me and Starstrukk, the two-piece ensemble quickly rose to popularity. We will write a custom essay sample on Where Are They Now: 3Oh!3 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Foreman and Motte played top festivals including the 2008 and 2009 Warped Tour, and the 2009 Alternative Press Tour. Due to the band’s successful exposure, popular artists, such as Marina and The Diamonds, and Stephen Jerzak, covered their songs. By 2012, 3Oh!3 earned a gross revenue total of $12.9 million. In 2009, their song, My First Kiss, featuring Ke$ha, reached the peak position of 15 on the Billboard Top 40, and was played on countless radio stations across the country. However, after 2009, 3Oh!3’s popularity and presence in the media plummeted. Of course, that’s not to say that 3Oh!3 isn’t technically around anymore. A little bit over a year ago, on August 6, 2014, they announced their fifth studio album, which will be coming out soon. But the main question is: what happened? A quick survey of several students at PHHS revealed that only three out of 10 people recognized the band’s name. 3Oh!3’s name no longer has the recognition that it once had. The band is not as influential as it was before. Part of 3Oh!3’s downfall could be due to their music genre. Categorized as synthpop, electronic rock, crunkcore, and even dubstep, 3Oh!3’s music was always upbeat and electronic. However, Jon Caramanica, a music critic from The New York Times, called them â€Å"unreliable,† and â€Å"not as clever.† Their lyrics referenced sex and underage drinking, which definitely did not please parents. After 3Oh!3’s 2010 album release, Foreman and Motte spent three years working on their next album. Due to the lack of new content, they were no longer in the spotlight. The band’s irrelevancy could be due to low attendance of fans at concerts between 2011-2012. One user comment on TicketMaster.com from October 7, 2012, complained, â€Å"expected more people†¦ was kinda empty.† The introduction of the band LMFAO to the music scene is believed to be another reason for the departure of 3Oh!3. LMFAO became a one-hit wonder with its song Party Rock Anthem, which was released just in time to take over 3Oh!3’s 15 minutes of fame. The members of LMFAO are no longer together, but are working on separate projects. Although 3Oh!3 isn’t popular anymore, songs from its older albums, such as Don’t Trust Me and Starstrukk are perfect for a #ThrowbackThursday.

The Role of Brochures in Tourism and Marketing the Product

The popularity of tourism increases with references to the emergence of different ways to spend holidays effectively. The opportunities of tourism become more available for the public because of the increased competition within the industry. Today, a customer has an opportunity to choose the ways to spend holidays according to their interests and possibilities, and the main task of a tourism operator is to attract more customers.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Role of Brochures in Tourism and Marketing the Product specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During a long period of time, the distribution of brochures containing the important information about the tour and services provided by the tourism operator remained the most effective way to draw the target audience’s attention to the product and services. Producing well designed brochures, tourism operators focus on marketing strategies in order to em phasize the advantages of the product and advertise it successfully. In this case, brochures are necessary to promotion and persuading customers to choose the certain services. Thus, brochures are important for tourism operators to market their product because they are used to attract more customers, to provide the detailed information about the tour and services, to evoke the public’s interest in relation to the definite tour, to stimulate the customer’s buying behaviour, and to contribute to the effective work of a travel agent; furthermore, the effectiveness of a brochure depends on the quality of information included in it. The Purpose and Importance of Brochures The main purpose of working out a brochure is to present the information about the tourism product and services while persuading the customer to buy this product. Thus, an effective travel brochure should attract the customer and include the message which can stimulate the customer’s positive buying behaviour. According to Bhatia, â€Å"since tourism is an intangible product which cannot be pretested by the prospective consumer prior to the purchase, the brochure becomes the important channel of informing a customer about the product and also motivating him to buy the product† (Bhatia 2006, p. 247). Potential customers react to the information in brochures as on effective advertisements. That is why, a brochure should be well designed and organised. A brochure is important for all the parties participating in the process of selling-buying the product or services. Thus, a brochure is important for customers who can learn all the necessary information about the tour or hotel only with the help of a brochure. From this point, a brochure is designed for a customer. In this case, the tour operator should focus on the idea that the information and materials presented in the brochure are provided to be effective and interesting for customers. The focus on customers’ int erests and needs guarantees that customers receive the information which is most appealing for them (Ivanovic 2008). Customers read brochures in order to find the information which is important for them that is why tour operators can use brochures effectively when they take into consideration this tendency and present the materials which customers want to learn (Beaver 2005).Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A brochure can be discussed as effective for the customer when it contains all the information which is required for spending the holidays successfully. Brochures are important for promoting the product when customers receive the necessary information easily. Providing the information on hotels, destinations, services, visa and health requirements, tour operators stimulate the potential customers’ interest to choose this concrete tour or product. Thus, effecti ve and vivid descriptions of services and destinations should guarantee that customers feel desire to contact the tour operator and choose the definite service (Wicks Schuett 1991). The importance of brochures is in the fact that the materials provided in them can be discussed as the source available for customers to decide about their choice (Molina 2006). The increased competition within the industry makes tour operators pay more attention to the attractiveness of the information provided in brochures. It is also important to focus on the potential of brochures as the sources of credible and reliable information on services and products proposed.  As a result, the information presented in brochures generates the customer’s interest. Moreover, the first or title page of the brochure is as important for effective promotion of the product as the detailed information presented in the sections of the brochure. Brochures are important to attract several categories of customers , including those ones who plan holidays and their tours as well as those persons who hesitate about tourism (Sirakaya Sonmez 2000). An effective brochure can help customers to decide about their choice and focus on the opportunities proposed by the definite tour operator. In this case, a brochure attracts the customer’s attentions, generates the customer’s interest, and influences his or her decision and the buying behaviour (Rozier-Rich Santos 2011). All the details are important to affect the customer’s attitude to the advertised tour. Thus, a tour operator should concentrate on including high-quality photographs and presenting or not information on prices. To generate the customer’s interest, a brochure should be organized according to definite standards followed in the industry, but it should be more attractive than the other brochures of that kind. Effective brochures are important for tourism operators because they encourage sales significantly. Easy-to-understand brochures function as successful advertisements. The combination of the work of a travel agent and the information presented in a brochure can stimulate not only the customer’s interest in the services but also general increases in tourism sales. Brochures can be used to encourage sales and promote products when they are designed according to the certain principles which are the focus on customers’ attention, interest, desire, and action (Page Connell 2006). If a customer decides to buy the tour proposed in the brochure, it can be discussed as effective. It is important to note that those brochures which are organised according to the above-mentioned principles are really effective in stimulating more sales because brochures are still actively used in the industry.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Role of Brochures in Tourism and Marketing the Product specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, it is necessary to concentrate on the role of brochures for travel agents. The marketing techniques used by travel agents can become more effective if they use brochures to support their descriptions and explanations. A brochure as a source of the visual and factual information can attract more customers’ attention than speeches and descriptions which are not associated with demonstrating photographs and maps. Nevertheless, the problem is in the fact that today brochures should be perfect in order to attract the customer’s attention and contribute to the work of a travel agent because of the tendency to use the Internet sources in order to find the necessary information (Wang 2002). Thus, travel agents always used â€Å"the prime marketing tool of tour operators – the glossy holiday brochure. However, more consumers are now turning to new media channels to browse and learn about what holidays are available† (Reaching the Consumer 2 004, p. 2). The situation changed, and there are more requirements to the brochure to be effective. That is why, it is important to focus on elements which should be included in the brochure. The Information Which Should Be Included in the Brochure To function as an effective marketing tool, a brochure should include the information on the facts which are interesting for the customer. It is important to avoid the misleading information because this fact can affect the reputation of the tour operator negatively. There is a list of components which should be included in a travel brochure, thus, the tour operator can rely on the effectiveness of the brochure when it contains the high-quality photographs of the places and destinations, the complete but concise description of the services or products proposed, the information on hotels, culture, transportation, shopping, maps, and contacts. To attract the attention of the audience, the brochure should have the appealing cover page with e ffective headings, mottos, and photographs which emphasize the quality of the holidays spending in this hotel, city, or any other location. The next stage is the generation of the customer’s interest that is why it is necessary to present more information on the services provided. Effective descriptions of locations and destinations should be concise, but vivid and attractive (Cooper 2008). Today, people can find all the necessary information with the help of the Internet, and all the facts presented in the brochure should be supported with photographs which demonstrate the advantages of spending holidays in this concrete place (Morgan Pritchard 2013).Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, expressive headings are important to draw the customer’s attention to significant facts. The emotionally vivid language can be used in brochures because a brochure should communicate the potential client directly, evoking definite positive emotions and feelings along with the desire to buy the proposed products, tours, and services. A brochure should answer all the possible questions which can be interesting for customers in order to motivate them to do the right choice and contact with the help of the provided e-mail addresses, web addresses, and phone numbers with the tour operators and travel agents. The contact information is usually presented on the last page of the brochure (Chiou 2008). To decide about the effectiveness of hotels’ locations, it is necessary to include maps in brochures in order to provide the customer with an opportunity to explore routes and particular features of transportation at the territories.  A travel brochure is the effective ma rketing tool used by tourism operators in order to encourage sales and attract more customers. Thus, brochures are designed to complete the promotional purpose as well as the informational purpose because of providing the materials which are interesting for the customer and which can stimulate the customer’s positive buying behaviour. The brochure is important to influence the sales within the tourism industry when it is competitive. That is why, tour operators pay much attention to designing brochures which are attractive for customers. The advantages of brochures are in their portability and informational character. Furthermore, the design and distribution of brochures is the significant part of the tour operators’ promotional budget because the effective brochure should guarantee the increase of sales and positive changes in relation to the positions of the tour operator within the industry. Reference List Beaver, A 2005, A dictionary of travel and tourism terminolo gy, CABI, UK. Bhatia, A 2006, The business of tourism: concepts and strategies, Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd, UK. Chiou, W 2008, ‘Virtual experience vs. brochures in the advertisement of scenic spots: How cognitive preferences and order effects influence advertising effects on consumer’, Tourism Management, vol. 29. no. 1, pp. 146-150. Cooper, C 2008, Tourism: principles and practice, Pearson Education, USA. Ivanovic, M 2008, Cultural tourism, Juta and Company Ltd, UK. Molina, A 2006, ‘Tourism brochures: usefulness and image’, Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 1036-1056. Morgan, N Pritchard, A 2013, Advertising in tourism and leisure, Routledge, UK. Page, S Connell, J 2006, Tourism: a modern synthesis, Cengage Learning EMEA, USA. Reaching the Consumer – the changing nature of travel distribution 2004. Web. Rozier-Rich, S Santos, C 2011, ‘Processing promotional travel narratives’, Tourism Management, vol. 32. no. 2, pp. 3 94-405. Sirakaya, E Sonmez, S 2000, ‘Gender images in state tourism brochures: an overlooked area in socially responsible tourism marketing’, Journal of Travel Research, vol. 38. no. 4, pp. 353-362. Wang, K 2002, ‘Is the tour leader an effective endorser for group package tour brochures?’, Tourism Management, vol. 23. no. 5, pp. 489-498. Wicks, B Schuett, M 1991, ‘Examining the role of tourism promotion through the use of brochures’, Tourism Management, vol. 12. no. 4, pp. 301–312. This assessment on The Role of Brochures in Tourism and Marketing the Product was written and submitted by user Angela W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay Topics on the American Dream

Essay Topics on the American DreamThere are many different essay topics on the American dream. As the years have gone by, the American dream has been a very popular topic in high school and college admissions essays. The American dream represents the American people's determination to achieve the American dream. The dream should be a part of every student's high school curriculum.There are numerous essay topics on the American dream; these include the American dream itself, the current economic environment, the current political climate, and the economy itself. Other important subjects include the individual's personal goals, achievements, dreams, goals, and future. With these aspects in mind, the student will be able to write an essay that will be both coherent and concise.When choosing essay topics on the American dream, it is important to take your time in finding one that will be closely related to your subject matter. It is also important to keep your topic interesting and relev ant to your subject matter. For example, if you are writing an essay on saving the environment, your essay topics on the environment may include addressing the world's problems with pollution, whether or not the current economic situation is affecting the environment, and how the environment may impact the economy.Another example would be if you were writing an essay on saving the environment, the topic of current economic climate and how this affects the environment would be extremely relevant. The truth is that almost every subject has a different topic; which is why students have many different essay topics to choose from. The two examples above can be used as examples for creating separate essays.It is also important to remember that the topic on the topics on the American dream is important in order to ensure the essay is a successful one. The essay should be reflective of the student's own beliefs and ideas, and it should also make an impact on the reader.One thing that studen ts should keep in mind when choosing essay topics on the American dream is that they should always use the idea in a positive way. Remember that the essay topics on the American dream are designed to make an impact on the reader, so it is imperative that the student avoids using the idea as an excuse for making mistakes or failing to meet their academic goals. One idea could lead to another, so it is best to make sure that you use the idea in a positive way, and try to find ways to turn it into something positive.One topic that has risen quite a bit is the essay topics on the American dream. Because of the current state of the economy, many students are thinking about how the United States was built, and what kind of things the nation was built upon. Many of these students feel that their own dreams can also contribute to the ability of the United States to thrive. They believe that if they put in enough hard work and effort, they too can accomplish their dreams.Essay topics on the American dream are not only able to be used for high school and college essay topics. An essay on the American dream can be used to help students of all ages come to terms with some of the problems facing today's world. No matter what your reason for writing the essay, it is important to make sure that you do it with integrity. One good way to make sure that you do this is to give a meaningful and appropriate conclusion.

Organizational Structure Essays

Organizational Structure Essays Organizational Structure Essay Organizational Structure Essay Organizational Structure An organizations structure defines how Job tasks are formally divided, grouped ND coordinated. There are six key elements that managers need to address when they design their organizations structure: work specialization, differentiations, chain of command, span of control, centralization and decentralization, and formalization (Robbins Judge, 2009, p. 519). Most of the six elements addressed are easily defined in the hospital setting. There are clearly defined departments that perform Job duties specific to that specialization. The organization can be considered centralized, as decision making is often controlled by senior leadership. Formalization within the organization varies, mom Jobs have low formalization such as nursing, although an argument could be made that nursing has high formalization related to clearly defined policies governing work process but based on varying patient census, complexity of procedures performed, and patient assignment, nurses have a great deal latitude to perform their Jobs. An example of a Job with high formalization could be environmental services where there are clearly defined procedures for cleaning of patient rooms, operating rooms, and other 3 non-patient care areas. Chain of command is clearly defined by employees reporting o department managers, who report to department directors, reporting to associate hospital directors, who report to the Chief Executive Officer. Through observation the organization has a narrow span of control which has three major drawbacks. First, as already described, theyre expensive because they add levels of management. Second, they make vertical communication In the organization more complex. The added levels of hierarchy slow down decision making and tend to isolate upper management. Third, narrow spans of control encourage overly tight supervision and discourage employee autonomy (Robbins Ramp: Judge, 2009, p. 24). The organization operates as a mechanicals organization. Mechanicals versus organic Organization English sociologist Tom Burns and psychologist G. M. Stalker coined the term mechanistic organization. Such an organization is characterized by a high degree of job specialization, clearly demarcated vertical hierarchies and centralized decision making. It stands in contrast to an organic organization, which has decentralized decision-making processes, low Job specialization and horizontal communication channels, all of which tend to empower employees (Capstone Encyclopedia of Business, 2003). Although an attempt is made to decentralized decision-making by quarterly chats with the chief, rarely are executive decisions affected by feedback garnered in these sessions. Work-Life Conflict Such programs as the employee assistance program are available to assist employees in a variety of ways. Every employee regardless of work status is eligible for the employee Organizational Structure 4 assistance program, management is empowered to refer staff as they deem necessary. An area of work-life conflict where the organization failed was the elimination of hospital-based childcare; employees have to find this much needed revive elsewhere and at substantially higher cost. An increased resistance to change is evident when new programs or growth initiatives are introduced. The speed of change will overtake the organizations where the leaders do not adopt a new mindset, first themselves and solicit the hearts, minds, and souls of followers to Join suit on this quest to transform the organizations to successfully operate and do well in the new landscape (Moslem ; Mathieu, 2010, p. 58). Planning of new programs is not taken lightly within the organization, caref ul planning prior to implementation is viewed as critical to success. The foundation lies within the core values of the organization. Organizational Culture The organizations core values of respect, service, and integrity are part of the orientation process for each employee. These values provide a positive work culture although there may come a time when an employee requires reeducation. Regulatory agencies such as the Joint Commission and Department of Health set the expectation for the organization to operate ethically. The organization keeps its culture alive by selecting employees who have the knowledge, skills, and abilities to reform Jobs within the organization. Actions of top management also allow the culture to live through their behavior.

A Postmodern Paradox

A Postmodern Paradox Postmodernism, a paradox in itself, challenges conformity in countless ways. Taking place after World War II, this movement is mainly characterized by its rejection of social constructs and its challenges to traditional forms of philosophy, literature, art, and religious authority. Ironically, while it defied categorizing, it became a category itself. Nevertheless, this movement has had a profound impact on countless literary, cinematographic, art, and philosophic works. Two works that have been profoundly influenced by postmodernism includes Slaughterhouse 5 by Kurt Opponent, and the elm and book The Hours, by Michael Cunningham. While both works have been influenced by modernism in separate ways, they ultimately share its key themes: an abstraction of time, a rejection of reality, and a search for higher purpose. Through the use of postmodernism themes and literary techniques, both the movie and book were able to convey that absolute truth does not exist because it is relative, intricate, and blurred. Occurring in the post-World War II era, postmodernism can be considered an intentional departure from previously dominant modernist approaches such as scientific positivism, realism, constructivism, formalism, and tapestries. Through its emphasis and use of power relations, binary classifications, fragmentation, paradox, dark humor, rejection of reality, sociology, linguistics, and subjectivism it constantly attacks contemporary life, art, literature, philosophy, religion, and ethics. In addition, it is characterized by a rejection of reality, claiming that transmutable validity cannot exist since reality is limited by concepts like time and sexuality. It is able to achieve its unique goals in literature and film through numerous literary devices. In literature, there are several devices frequently used by southernism writers to convey some of the main ideas of the movement. Of these devices the use of fragmenting, dark humor, satire, paradox, allusions, mixed point of view and interruption of form are the most frequently used. These devices allow writers to deal with topics like the absurdity of moral, philosophical, political, and authoritative relativism; in addition, these devices provide for a blurring of classifications and boundaries of societal structuring. Ultimately, postmodernists desire to condemn contemporary life, reject reality, and accept relativity and complexity in indefinite answers. The movement of postmodernism came about through a series of meaner. An important factor that contributed to the development was that it followed World War II. Before the war, modernism dominated the current literature of the time. This movement involved rationalism, reason, the scientific approach, optimism for human potential, and a pursuit of absolutely certain knowledge. However, in the wake of both World Wars, the climate was set for postmodernism as confidence in human progress, autonomy, and optimism were destroyed in battle. This permeating and predominantly pessimistic aura of thinking exulted in a series of books, films, artworks, and musical pieces that rejected reality, worldly concepts like time, renounced identity, and questioned the purpose of life. These themes clearly reflect the toll that war had on society; many people desired to marginality the horrors of war in a rejected reality, ostracize human error through a pitiful purpose of existence through fragmented viewpoints. The wars essentially brought about a pessimistic form of modernism that relished in the repudiation of absolute answers; for postmodernists nothing could ever be easily or fully explained. As postmodernist ideals began to develop and conglomerate they were influenced by countless individuals. One extremely influential individual was Linda Hutchison. Hutchison, who wrote several postmodernist works like A Theory of Parody, expressed a great deal of interest in self-reflexive approaches to texts through parodies that both legitimate and subvert that which it parodies (Introductory Guide to Critical Theory). Hutchison also coined the term historiographer metrification, which describes literary texts that assert an interpretation of the past but are also intensely self- flexi; these texts allow a double process of installing and ironing, parody signals how present representations come from past ones and what ideological consequences derive from both continuity and difference (Introductory Guide to Critical Theory). With historiographer metrification, writers can speak constructively about that past in a way that acknowledges the falsity and violence of the past without isolating the present. Many other writers, artists, composers, and directors have had a significant impact on the evolution of postmodernism as well. Key incepts of postmodernism have also developed and evolved through the influence of society and individuals. For example the term kitsch or stratification, which can be defined as the reduction of aesthetic objects or ideas into easily marketable forms, has a more widely accepted definition adopted by famous postmodern philosopher Jean Baudelaire: The kitsch object is commonly understood as one of that great army of trashy objects, made of plaster of Paris [stuck] or some such imitation material: that gallery of cheap Junk”accessories, folksy knickknacks, souvenirs, emphases or fake African masks”which proliferate everywhere, with a preference for holiday resorts and places of leisure (Consumer Society 109-10). Jean Baudelaire also offered a definition for simulacrum, defining it as Simulation is no longer that of a territory, a referential being, or a substance. It is the generation by models of a real without origin or reality: a hyperbole. It is no longer a question of imitation, nor duplication, nor even parody. It is a question of substituting the signs of the real for the real (The Precession of Simulacra 1-2). Postmodernism, like any literary movement, was molded and defined by society and intellectuals involved in its progression. The profound impact postmodernism had on Kurt Evensongs Slaughterhouse 5, through its use of frame-breaking, criticism of worldly concepts like time and war, exploration or reality and truth, simulacrum, and rejection of reality, satire, allowed for the novel to express its ultimate renunciation of an absolute truth in exchange for intricate and indefinable answers. In addition, it was able to express key concepts of post modernism through its use of postmodern iterate devices; many of these concepts included a search for a higher purpose, a renunciation of social structuring, and a rejection of reality. By expressing these concepts, Opponent follows the postmodernist ideals of historiographer metrification, and questioning the absurdity of contemporary life and conventional viewpoints of society. Frame-breaking, the linkage of separate subplots in a novel to unify the intricacies of an entire plot, contributed to the postmodernist impact on the novel by individuality. Frame-breaking takes place in the novel through the employment of Opponent as three characters of differing importance: the narrator, the protagonist, and a supporting character. Through frame-breaking, Opponent demonstrates that even the recount of a war experience does not hold a simple plot; it consists of a web of intermingled plots, ideas, characters, events, and concepts; this adheres to the postmodernist principle of blurred lines of interpretation and absolute truth. In addition, frame-breaking allows for a loss of identity. The loss of identity occurs when Opponent represents an omniscient force narrating the story as he simultaneously lays protagonist Billy Pilgrim, and a seemingly inconsequential supporting character. Opponent as an omniscient force demonstrates the renunciation of religion in postmodernist ideals; Opponent plays god, yet he is as trivial as any other human being. Furthermore, by telling his own story in the perspective of Billy Pilgrim this demonstrates how war results in a loss of identity, or the adoption of an alias. Rather than personalizing the story in a first person perspective, Opponent distances himself from the horrors of his past. Finally, by including himself as a prison mate in Billy Pilgrims story, this demonstrates how in postmodernism, all identities consolidate; the man that represented god and the protagonist is nevertheless a supporting character in the larger plot of the story. By disparaging his ultimate role in the novel, Opponent demonstrates that people are all essentially equal in life and in death- thus a loss of individualism. Through the use of simulacrum, which involves replacing reality with a representation, Opponent is able to criticize worldly concepts like time and war. For instance, by using the simulacrum of Transformable for Earth, e criticizes the necessity of war. Transformable represents a conglomeration of ideals he believes are optimal in achieving peace. However, instead of directly stating those concepts, Opponent employs a narrative and symbolism; this allows for a rejection of reality while criticizing war. Time is also criticized through a simulacrum of time traveling. Through time traveling the distinctness of years is blurred and time loses meaning as it is muddled together. This criticism of time is a unique postmodernist concept that is closely related to the criticism of social structuring. As postmodernist writer, Opponent denounces the traditional concept of time and replaces it with a web of linked yet intricate events. Simulacrum is also used in the plot of Billy Pilgrims Journey; rather than telling the story in the first person perspective, Opponent ostracizes himself thus criticizing the worldly concept of individualism and identity. Contrastingly, he links all frames of the story in the end of the novel to demonstrate that personal identity is futile when people are all equal in life and in death. In addition the concept of death is abandoned as Opponent accepts omelet equality of the human identity. By employing a plot dedicated to the exploration of reality and truth, Opponent demonstrates that the world according to postmodernists is full of blurred lines, undefined edges, and complex networks of relationships. Not only does the novel in its entirety consist of three convoluted interwoven subplots made up of smaller subplots, but it contains episodes of irrationality and science-fiction. This mixture of reality and science fiction represents a renunciation of reality for a combination of philosophy and fantasy; further mistreating that reality does not exist in a state of definable truth, but in limbo higher purpose is an impossibly multifaceted path that nevertheless ends the same as all others do: everything is connected and personal identity is trivial. The Hours, written by Michael Cunningham and directed by Stephen Deadly, has been manifestly impacted by postmodernism through its use of fragmenting, stratification , satire, and renunciation of worldly concepts like death to express postmodern ideals like a loss of identity or interconnection of all things. Through expressing these ideals, Cunningham was able to reject typical social and literary construct and ultimately convey that answers are not simple or absolute. Frame- breaking is employed in the hours through the eventual amassing of all three subplots within the novel to demonstrate the interconnectedness of all human identities. The novel is formatted in three separate spheres to demonstrate how as humans search their lives for purpose, they are unable to see how individualism and identity are inane. The three plots are eventually connected through death- another worldly concept denounced by postmodernists. Through death, the characters become linked to one another and the reader becomes aware of their unity; this demonstrates how death provides enlightenment and is not solely the end of a life. Additionally, frame-breaking allows the criticism of the concept of time. All three subplots take place in completely different eras, yet they have profound impact on one another despite this detriment; this demonstrates that time is merely a concept, rather than an obstacle, and cannot overcome the unity of humanity identity. Stratification and loss of identity are expressed through a variety of literary devices n The Hours to demonstrate that superficiality and identity are ultimately trivial in life. Stratification most chiefly occurs in the novel and film when the concept of love is reduced to a party and flowers; this becomes a criticism of superficiality upon the death of Richard when the party goes to waste. It signifies that the superficial form of love was powerless and inconsequential to Richards death and that death encompasses all. In addition, both Richard and Virgins death represents a loss of identity in that his life and accomplishment were evidently meaningless to them. In he end, they chose the namelessness of death as their path rather than a quest for a higher purpose or discovery of self-identity. Their deaths are a demonstration of the interconnectedness of life in that both writers commit suicide, creating a full circle to the complex web of relationships. Postmodernism, contradicts itself in its essence. Yet its use of paradoxes, satire, criticisms of the conventional, and quest for answers have had a profound impact on the development of literature, art, and society. While postmodernism will be phase in the history of writing, it will not cease to remind rites to question the norm, look past what is conventional, and defy typical form and construction.